March 3, 2026Open Access

Waterfall phase in supersymmetric hybrid inflation

Puntos clave

The scalar spectral index is predicted to be approximately 0.97 to 0.978, aligning with recent observational data.
During inflation, the waterfall field undergoes several e-foldings, contributing to the dynamics of the inflationary phase.
Stochastic gravitational waves generated during this waterfall phase will be detectable in Pulsar Timing Array measurements.
In an SU(5) framework, a notable number density of superheavy GUT monopoles is achievable, suggesting new insights into particle physics.

Resumen

A bstract We explore a class of realistic supersymmetric hybrid inflation models with a predicted scalar spectral index n s ≈ 0 . 97 − 0 . 978, which is in good agreement with the recent Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) measurement. The waterfall field responsible for the gauge symmetry breaking in this scenario experiences some e -foldings during the inflationary epoch. The scalar perturbations associated with the waterfall field during this phase induce a stochastic gravitational wave spectrum that will be tested in the ongoing Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) measurements and in future experiments. In an SU(5) setting an observable number density of the superheavy GUT monopole linked to the waterfall field can be realized.

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