PIV validation of numerical models for turbulent flows in a water test section for liquid metal target

A spallation reaction is used in various branches – material investigation, medicine and fundamental research. In powerful installations of this kind, a large amount of heat is generated, consequently, the heat removal from the active zone is one of most important factors in optimizing a liquid metal target design. This work presents PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) measurements, which were carried out in a specially designed test section with water as a working fluid. Obtained data ensure reliable experimental validation of numerical calculations performed by RANS (Raynolds Averaged Navier Stokes) and LES (Large Eddy Simulation) approaches. Experimental results show zones of extensive turbulence energy generation, which is in good agreement with theoretical concept. Numerical RANS results show imperfections of the widely used turbulence models, while numerical LES results describe thoroughly investigated processes.