Study on the mechanism of shale fragmentation induced by laser irradiation under submerged conditions

Key Points

• Shale fragmentation occurs due to laser irradiation under submerged conditions, demonstrating a distinct mechanism.
• Measurements indicate that radiation energy significantly influences fragmentation efficiency, enhancing material separation.
• Assessment using laser irradiation techniques to probe mechanisms of fragmentation in hydrocarbon-bearing geological formations.
• This work may enable improved drilling methods, although further exploration in field conditions is necessary.