Molecular insight, pathogenesis and resistance management of bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) disease

Bacterial wilt disease (BWD), caused by the pathogenic microorganism Ralstonia solanacearum, is recognized as one of the most destructive afflictions that impacts numerous economically significant crops globally. The disease constitutes a substantial economic decline, particularly among small-scale farmers. This review presents comprehensive information on the causative agent of BWD, R. solanacearum, by elucidating its associated disease symptoms, host range variability, crops affected, and geographical distribution, with emphasis on Asian regions, as well as the different management strategies. Using a comprehensive meta-synthesis approach with qualitative orientation, 90 documents published between 1991 and 2023 were reviewed. The findings offer important insight regarding significant obstacles in the realm of agricultural products, including diminished crop yields and the economic ramifications resulting from pathogen-induced infections. Potential research areas that can effectively support agricultural production, facilitate rapid disease detection, and mitigate the spread of crop infections were gleaned from the review findings. Overall, molecular insights into pathogenesis and resistance mechanisms are vital for the development of effective management strategies. By combining genetic advancements and sustainable agricultural practices, conservation efforts can be advanced to alleviate the impact of this alarming disease on crop production and global food availability.