Unveiling potential toxic metal(loid)s in popular street-vended food from a mega city (Dhaka, Bangladesh): Insights into sources, pollution status, and probabilistic risk modeling

Key Points

• High levels of toxic metal(loid)s were observed in popular street-vended foods, posing health risks.
• Concentration levels of specific contaminants like lead and cadmium exceeded safe limits in tested samples.
• Evaluation utilized probabilistic risk modeling to assess potential health impacts on consumers over time.
• Findings highlight the urgent need for monitoring and regulatory actions to ensure food safety in urban environments.