An Agent-Based Network Power Management Scheme in WSN for Enhanced Edge Communication in Beyond 5G Networks

In a distributed edge computing environment, Internet of Things (IoT) and Vehicular-IoT (V-IoT) devices communicate through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) by collecting and transmitting data from different environments. Although energy efficiency is always a critical challenge in WSN due to limited battery power, along with the demand for fast communication over edge devices in 5G and beyond 5G scenarios. Therefore, to overcome the challenges, an advanced hierarchical agent-based power management scheme is proposed for WSNs that optimizes energy distribution while maintaining reliable communication. The proposed model employs Master Agents (MAs), Coordination Agents (CoAs), and Task Agents (TAs) to manage power allocation by following a specific order of selection of nodes. The system dynamically adjusts power distribution based on node requirements, trust values, and communication demands over an optimally covered area of nodes, distributed with a 2D Poisson Point Process. Simulation results demonstrate improved energy efficiency, extended network lifetime, and enhanced communication reliability in edge computing scenarios.