Fire evolution and temperature distribution in a high-speed train carriage with the fire source and lateral openings at opposing ends

Key Points

• Temperature distribution reveals significant variations due to lateral openings and fire source position.
• Peak temperatures reached 600 degrees Celsius at specific points within the carriage.
• Analysis of thermal dynamics provides insights into heat transfer during fire scenarios.
• Findings highlight the need for enhanced safety measures in train designs to mitigate fire hazards.