Multinational enterprises are central to today’s economy, simultaneously driving environmental pressures and holding capabilities to mitigate them. What matters for policymaking is how cross-border firms that orchestrate global value chains shape environmental outcomes that spill over borders, and how policy mixes can steer behaviors. We advance a policymaking perspective, framework, and research agenda on the international business–natural environment nexus. They direct scholars to specify geo-physical, geo-economic, and geo-political linkages; trace how policy instruments shape firm responses, how these scale into system trajectories, and how feedback/feedforward loops alter policy and strategy over time and across places; and unravel emerging tensions.
Gölgeci et al. (Mon,) studied this question.