Oxidation-controlled doping of molybdenum/iron oxides assisted by reflux for enhancing the adsorption capacity of biochar toward tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones

Key Points

• Enhanced adsorption capacity for tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones is achieved through oxidation-controlled doping.
• The study finds that the modified biochar significantly improves removal efficiency compared to untreated biochar.
• This analysis utilized biochar modified with molybdenum and iron oxides for improved adsorption characteristics.
• The findings may guide future water treatment strategies, emphasizing the advantages of biochar modifications.