Synthesis and characterization of boron, copper, and zinc-doped hydroxyapatite by sol-gel method: research of absorption and thermal behavior

Key Points

• Boron, copper, and zinc-doped hydroxyapatite show improved thermal stability and absorption characteristics.
• Thermal behavior analysis reveals significant changes in properties due to doping.
• Synthesis using the sol-gel method provides a uniform distribution of dopants in hydroxyapatite.
• Results imply that these doped materials might have applications in biomedicine and material science.