Any student of the Brethren of Purity will find that they held a philosophical and ethical school of thought that addressed all sciences. The essence of their doctrine was to examine all beings, investigate their principles, the cause of their existence, the levels of their order, and discover how their effects are related. Among the topics addressed by the Brethren of Purity and the Friends of Loyalty in their treatises were topics that fall within the realm of the philosophy of history, when they focused on the stars and the celestial spheres and their influence on living beings. There is no disagreement that Islamic intellectual production is more deserving of proper study and analysis. Since the Islamic conquest, historical awareness and philosophical thought in history have had a large share of theoretical and practical knowledge. Throughout the history of Islam and its successive eras, this knowledge has been developing, renewing, and taking on different colors that have honestly expressed the opinions of its owners, their manifestations, and the signs of their era. The establishment of the Brethren of Purity and Friends of Loyalty was a response to the crisis of the era and at the same time an attempt to overcome it based on the knowledge and messages they proposed. This was done in a creative and innovative style that aimed to enlighten a new generation through messages that were not written by a single author, but rather were a collective effort that resulted over two centuries.
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El Hadj Baza
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El Hadj Baza (Wed,) studied this question.