An Integrated VMD-CNN-GRU Framework for Multi-Horizon Forecasting of Water Quality Dynamics

Key Points

• Water quality dynamics can be better predicted with the integrated VMD-CNN-GRU framework, leading to improved accuracy.
• This framework combines variational mode decomposition, convolutional neural networks, and gated recurrent units for enhanced forecasting performance.
• The analysis focused on multi-horizon forecasting, examining water quality predictions over various future time periods.
• This integrated approach highlights the importance of advanced algorithms in addressing water quality challenges, suggesting significant implications for environmental management.