What does this research mean for the field?

This review summarizes various techniques for achieving realistic 3D facial animation, categorizing them by modeling and animation methods. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.SYNTHESIS. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to explore various techniques for achieving high realism in facial animation.

March 4, 2026Open Access

Review on 3D Facial Animation Techniques

NNNoor Adibah Najihah Mat Noor NSNorhaida Mohd Suaib MAMuhammad Anwar Ahmad

Key Points

The aim is to explore various techniques for achieving high realism in facial animation.
Survey of facial modeling techniques
Categorization of geometric-based manipulation
Analysis of speech-driven and image-based techniques
Discussion on data-captured methods
Identification of various facial modeling approaches
Summary of strengths and weaknesses of each technique
Insights into advancements in realistic animation techniques

Abstract

Generating facial animation has always been a challenge towards the graphical visualization area. Numerous efforts had been carried out in order to achieve high realism in facial animation. This paper surveys techniques applied in facial animation targeting towards realistic facial animation. We discuss the facial modeling techniques from different viewpoints; related geometric-based manipulation (that can be further categorized into interpolations, parameterization, muscle-based and pseudo–muscle-based model) and facial animation techniques involving speech-driven, image-based and data-captured. The paper will summarize and describe the related theories, strength and weaknesses for each technique.

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