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March 4, 2026Open Access

Regular Nephrology Follow‑Up and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review

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Why the study?

Regular nephrology follow-up is recommended by guidelines to slow CKD progression and prevent complications, but adherence to scheduled visits varies widely.

Does regular nephrology follow-up improve clinical outcomes in adults with chronic kidney disease (stages 3-5)?

Population

Patients with chronic kidney disease

Comparison

Regular vs irregular nephrology follow-up

Design

Narrative review

Key result

Regular nephrology follow-up reduced all-cause mortality by 35–45% (HR 0.55–0.65) compared to irregular follow-up in adults with CKD stages 3-5.

Authors

DEDuranti Ennio

Discussion

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Overview

May warrant regular nephrology follow-up in CKD stages 3-5; reinforces observational data but leaves causality open pending RCTs.

Key Points

  • This narrative review aims to analyze the effects of regular nephrology follow-up on clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease.
  • Narrative review of existing literature on nephrology follow-up
  • Comparison of outcomes between regular and irregular follow-up groups
  • Assessment of various clinical outcomes, including morbidity and mortality
  • Regular follow-up is linked to slower progression of chronic kidney disease
  • Fewer cardiovascular complications are observed in those with regular follow-up
  • Patients have lower rates of unplanned hospitalizations.
  • Improved readiness for dialysis is associated with consistent follow-up
  • Lower mortality rates are reported among patients who adhere to regular follow-up

Structured PICO

Does regular nephrology follow-up improve clinical outcomes in adults with chronic kidney disease (stages 3-5)?

P
Population
Adults with chronic kidney disease (stages 3-5)
I
Intervention
Regular nephrology follow-up at guideline-recommended intervals
C
Comparator
Irregular or absent nephrology follow-up
O
Outcome
Renal outcomes, cardiovascular events, hospitalization rates, mortality, and patient-reported outcomes

Main Result

Effect estimate: HR 0.55–0.65

Absolute Event Rate: 6% vs 12%

Regular nephrology follow-up in patients with CKD stages 3-5 is associated with significantly lower mortality, slower disease progression, and fewer cardiovascular complications compared to irregular follow-up.

Limitations

  • Data derived from observational cohort studies and registry analyses with inherent heterogeneity and potential biases.
  • No randomized controlled trials included; findings are based on narrative synthesis rather than systematic review or meta-analysis.
  • Exact sample sizes and demographic breakdowns were not consistently reported across referenced studies.
  • Heterogeneity of study designs

Cite This Study

Duranti Ennio (2026) conducted a review in Adults with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 undergoing regular versus irregular nephrology follow-up. Regular nephrology follow-up vs. Irregular or absent nephrology follow-up was evaluated on All-cause mortality (HR 0.55–0.65). Regular nephrology follow-up reduced all-cause mortality by 35–45% (HR 0.55–0.65) compared to irregular follow-up in adults with CKD stages 3-5.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69a7ccf7d48f933b5eed8f1fhttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18831752
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