A Study on Food Insecurity and Its Determinants Among Adults in South India

Food insecurity has emerged as a growing concern in South India, affecting individuals across both rural and urban areas. It is characterized by limited or uncertain access to sufficient, affordable, nutritious food necessary for a healthy and active life. This study seeks to examine the current state of food insecurity among adults in the South Indian region and to identify the key factors driving this issue. The scope of this study encompasses the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana, situated in the southern region of India. While initiatives like the Public Distribution System (PDS), Mid-Day Meal Scheme, and Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) have offered some relief, the study highlights persistent challenges faced by adults—including erratic food availability, substandard quality, and limited awareness of support programs. Moreover, external pressures such as migration, inflation in food costs, and the effects of climate change continue to intensify food insecurity throughout the region. This study underscores the urgent need for stranger policy measures, more effective implementation of food programs, and targeted support for the most vulnerable populations. It emphasizes the importance of raising awareness, encouraging community participation, and fostering collaboration between government and non-governmental organizations to ensure that every adult in South India has access to sufficient, nutritious, and safe food. Beyond protecting health, achieving food security is vital for promoting social and economic development.