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March 6, 2026Frontiers in ImmunologyOpen Access

A pre-emptive risk model for acute rejection in liver transplantation: an immunopharmacologic biomarker panel combining CD4+ T-cell profiling and tacrolimus exposure

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Authors

QLQ. LiJZJun-Xi ZhangHLHan Li

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Overview

Develops a risk model for acute rejection in liver transplantation, indicating improved patient monitoring for better outcomes.

Key Points

  • The aim is to create a risk model for acute cellular rejection (ACR) using immune status and drug exposure measurements.
  • Developed an immunopharmacologic risk model in a cohort of liver transplant recipients.
  • Integrated CD4+ T-cell percentage and tacrolimus trough levels using flow cytometry.
  • Applied Firth-penalized logistic regression for model development with internal validation through bootstrapping.
  • The model showed good discrimination with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.774.
  • Provided a median warning window of 8 days before biochemical injury onset.
  • Outperformed tacrolimus monitoring alone (AUC 0.774 vs. 0.694) and CD4+ T cells alone (AUC 0.774 vs. 0.733).

Cite This Study

Li et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69aa6ee2531e4c4a9ff5900chttps://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1760409
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