Objectives: This study proposes the ‘VALUE Model’ as a systematic framework for adjusting the scope of practice (SOP) of health practitioners.Methods: A qualitative content analysis was conducted on domestic and international legal precedents and policy literature. For the domestic context, Supreme Court decisions were analyzed to trace the evolution of judicial criteria. Internationally, policy documents and regulatory principles from organizations such as the WHO and OECD, and regulatory bodies like the UK’s PSA and Australia’s AHPRA, were reviewed. Key variables influencing SOP decisions were identified and structured into core dimensions based on semantic similarity.Results: The findings reveal a global paradigm shift from closed, academic-centered silos toward ‘competence-based’ and ‘risk-based’ regulation. To bridge the gap between international trends and the rigid Korean regulatory environment, this study derived the VALUE Model, consisting of five essential dimensions: Validity (legal grounding), Academic Principle (scientific integration), Low Risk (clinical safety), Utility (social and system benefit), and Education/Expertise (demonstrated competence).Conclusion: The VALUE Model provides an objective framework for resolving SOP conflicts and establishing a sustainable primary care system. Although the study primarily focuses on medical practitioners due to the concentration of judicial precedents in Korea, the proposed model offers universal regulatory principles applicable to the broader health workforce, serving as a strategic guideline for future health policy.
Jeong et al. (2026) studied this question.