Senescence profiling and biomarker identification in cell product based on adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stromal cells

Cryopreserved ASC retain substantial proliferative capacity post-thaw. Senescence develops gradually and is detectable through consistent transcriptomic changes. These findings relate to proliferative and senescence-associated molecular changes and do not directly assess therapeutic efficacy. The identified biomarkers provide a foundation for developing senescence-focused quality control assays to support safe and effective ASC-based therapies.Significance statementThis study identifies promising biomarker candidates for developing a quality control assay to detect cellular senescence and evaluates the remaining replicative potential of a GMP-approved investigational medicinal product. These findings contribute to improving the safety and consistency of cell-based therapies by enabling detection of senescence-related changes.