The environmental concerns around synthetic refrigerants have prompted the investigation of novel and environmentally friendly cooling systems. With an emphasis on its distinct thermodynamic characteristics and refrigeration cycle performance, this study investigates the viability of employing electrons as a refrigerant. Critical processes were theoretically modelled, including expansion, constant-pressure heating, and adiabatic compression. Combining theoretical understanding with empirical support, the study lays the groundwork for further investigation and improvement and provides a fundamental understanding of electron gas as a refrigerant. A specially designed experimental setup was created to validate these models, allowing for accurate monitoring of temperature variations, heat transfer effectiveness, and overall system performance. Compared to traditional refrigeration techniques, the experimental findings showed a better Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 20.65, indicating higher energy efficiency. These results demonstrate the electron (electron gas)'s potential as a practical and best substitute for conventional refrigerants, tackling critical environmental issues. The result shows that this work marks a substantial leap in creating more environmentally friendly and effective refrigeration technologies. In the future, this work will be studied for both commercial and residential settings.
T et al. (Sun,) studied this question.