Abstract: The district of Malda faced various changes in the course of the Ganges from 12th Century onwards, that continued till the second half of the 20th Century and later also. The shifting courses of the Ganges in this region led to the river-bank erosion in course of time which impacted the life of the people living in the adjacent area hugely. Due to this phenomenon, from ancient period to the modern era, the population are seen to be displaced. This persistent river-bank erosion has challenged the life and livelihood of the people largely, thus threatening the sustainable development. In all aspects, the life of the people has been endangered in this way that has shown no sign to be checked till date.
Arunima Ghosh (2026) studied this question.