During the 2024-2025 season in Beijing, the overall VE against A(H1N1)pdm09-associated SARI hospitalizations was suboptimal. However, moderate VE was observed among children and younger adults, while limited effectiveness was seen in the elderly. Optimizing influenza vaccination strategies, including the introduction of high-dose or adjuvanted vaccines to enhance immune response in older adults, is crucial to alleviate influenza-associated hospitalizations.
Ma et al. (2026) studied this question.