Endometrial cancer in kidney transplant recipients is rare; however, it presents unique clinical and surgical challenges. Here, we report a case of early‐stage endometrial carcinoma diagnosed 1 year after renal transplantation. A 51‐year‐old woman with a history of IgA nephropathy and a functioning renal allograft in the left iliac fossa presented with abnormal uterine bleeding. Imaging revealed a lesion confined to the endometrium, and biopsy confirmed endometrioid carcinoma. Preoperative planning emphasizes preserving the graft function while ensuring complete tumor resection. A multidisciplinary team performed total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, with careful identification and protection of the transplant ureter. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and a pathological examination confirmed FIGO Stage IA Grade 1 carcinoma without lymphovascular invasion. No adjuvant therapy was required, and the patient remained disease‐free with an excellent graft function after 5 years. This case highlights the importance of early gynecological surveillance and multidisciplinary surgical planning in kidney transplant recipients presenting with uterine symptoms. Awareness of the altered anatomy and immunologic factors is critical for achieving favorable oncologic and graft outcomes.
Maeda et al. (2026) studied this question.