Synergistic regulation of crystallization and buried-interface in Cs x FA 1-x PbI 3 perovskite photovoltaics using a multifunctional sulfonyl-ammonium additive

Puntos clave

• The aim is to enhance the quality of Cs x FA 1-x PbI 3 perovskite films by reducing defects through additive use.
• Introduction of 2-aminoethylmethylsulfone hydrochloride (AEMS) as an additive.
• Fabrication of perovskite films with varying concentrations of AEMS.
• Analysis of crystallization quality and defect density in the films.
• Significant improvement in crystallization uniformity was observed.
• Reduction in defect density correlated with the use of AEMS.
• Enhanced photovoltaic performance was recorded in films with optimal AEMS concentration.