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March 14, 2026Neuro-Oncology PediatricsOpen Access

LGG-11. Analysis of the immune cell landscape in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas.

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Authors

VZValentina ZschernackGPGiuseppe PintoSHStefan Herms

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Overview

Analysis reveals immune cell patterns in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas, indicating T cell exhaustion and macrophage polarization.

Key Points

  • This research aims to analyze the immune cell landscape in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXAs) to understand their inflammatory environment.
  • Analyzed 29 cases of PXAs using immunophenotyping and epigenetic profiling.
  • Compared immune cell fractions to a control group of 18 pilocytic astrocytomas.
  • Assessed T cell and macrophage populations for differences across tumor types.
  • Applied a leukocyte unmethylation for purity (LUMP) algorithm for estimating leukocyte content in tumors.
  • Conducted bulk mRNA analysis to measure NOS2 expression levels.
  • PXAs showed significantly higher fractions of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells compared to pilocytic astrocytomas.
  • Lymphocyte infiltrates in PXAs demonstrated increased expression of T cell exhaustion markers, particularly CD103.
  • NOS2 levels were elevated in PXAs, suggesting a shift towards M1 macrophage polarization.
  • Lower LUMP scores in tumors with higher lymphocyte infiltrates were noted, indicating differences in immune profiles.

Cite This Study

Zschernack et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69b4fc6ab39f7826a300d397https://doi.org/10.1093/neuped/wuaf001.194
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