Introduction:: Pain is a distressing feeling associated with actual or potential tissue damage. It is primarily classified into nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic, arising from the altered function of nociceptors, such as tissue damage and lesions. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological techniques are used for pain management. Conventional pharmacological medications, such as NSAIDs and opioids, are widely used but have significant side effects. Consequently, many with chronic pain opt for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) under non-pharmacological methods. Phytoceuticals offer reduced side effects but risk herb-drug interactions due to poor regulation and standardization. Methods: This review integrates research and reviews from 2000 to 2025 on pain pathways, pain management, and phytoceuticals. It distinguishes techniques for pain control using pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, focusing on phytoceuticals, their mechanisms, antiinflammatory and analgesic potential, and possible herb-drug interactions causing adverse effects. Results: Phytoceuticals and non-pharmacological therapies are effective in countering mild to moderate pain, prompting a shift from conventional to integrative medications. Phytoceuticals act similarly to synthetic drugs by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway and modulating inflammatory mediators. However, herb-drug interactions may cause synergistic adverse effects. Regulation and standardization are essential to optimize their potential. Discussion: The influence of phytoceuticals as adjuncts in pain management is evident, but risks from poor regulation and interactions remain a concern. Conclusion: Phytoceuticals can provide a safe and broad alternative to conventional pain management if subjected to rigorous regulation and standardization. Research is necessary to address herb-drug interactions and enhance their therapeutic safety and efficacy.
Mehta et al. (Tue,) studied this question.