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March 15, 2026EARTH AND ENVIRONMENT0 citations

Effects of Different Phosphorus Fertilizer Inputs on Mercury Speciation and Methylation in Paddy Soils

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JWJiayan WangZHZhengdong HaoQZQianshuo Zhang

Key Points

  • The aim is to investigate how phosphorus fertilizers influence mercury speciation and methylation in paddy soils.
  • Conducted laboratory simulations to analyze three phosphorus fertilizers: calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, and phytic acid.
  • Measured mercury bioavailability and methylmercury production in soils from different locations: background area, abandoned mercury mine, and traditional mercury refining site.
  • Assessed the effects of pH and dissolved organic carbon on mercury forms after phosphorus application.
  • All three phosphorus fertilizers significantly reduced mercury bioavailability in soils.
  • Phytic acid showed the greatest reduction in methylmercury production, with decreases up to 34.55%.
  • Calcium magnesium phosphate enhanced mercury adsorption by raising soil pH, while calcium superphosphate potentially inhibited mercury bioavailability through phosphorus interactions.

Abstract

食用稻米是我国南方内陆居民甲基汞暴露的主要途径,研究证实稻米中的甲基汞主要来源于土壤,而土壤中无机汞的甲基化过程是甲基汞生成的关键环节。水稻生长过程中为保障稻米产量会施用大量磷肥,但磷肥施用对土壤汞赋存形态及汞甲基化的影响还不清楚。本研究以背景区(HX)、废弃汞矿区(SK)和土法炼汞区(GX)稻田土壤为研究对象,基于室内模拟实验,探究了过磷酸钙(Ca(H2PO4)2)、钙镁磷肥(Ca3(PO4)2)和植酸(C6H18O24P6)三种主要磷肥输入对土壤汞赋存形态及甲基汞生成的影响。结果表明,三种类型磷肥输入均会显著降低土壤中汞的生物有效性(溶解态与可交换态汞和特殊吸附态汞含量和比例降低),导致甲基汞净生成量减少。植酸输入降低的幅度最大(最高可达34.55%),其中HX位点降低20.45%,GX位点降低28.09%,SK位点降低34.55%。不同磷肥对土壤汞生物有效性的潜在影响机制存在差异,表现为:钙镁磷肥通过提升pH增强汞的吸附固定作用,过磷酸钙则可能通过促进铁铝结合态磷的形成抑制汞的生物有效性。植酸作为易溶性有机磷肥具有强配位吸附作用,且能显著提高有机结合态汞的比例,使生物有效性汞降低从而抑制甲基汞的生成。综上,磷肥输入通过调控稻田土壤中汞的赋存形态及环境因子(如pH和溶解性有机碳),降低汞的生物有效性及甲基汞的净生成量。基于以上研究结果,建议对于严重汞污染稻田应优先选择植酸作为磷肥进行施加,以抑制汞的生物有效性及甲基汞的生成量。

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Cite This Study

Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69b64c33b42794e3e660da48https://doi.org/10.3724/ee.1672-9250.2026.54.031
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