What does this research mean for the field?

The majority of real green GDP and real per capita green GDP series in 35 OECD countries exhibit nonstationarity and a high degree of persistence, indicating the permanency of shocks. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONFIRMATORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to analyze the persistence of real green GDP and real per capita green GDP across 35 OECD countries.

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March 16, 2026Open Access

Analysis of persistence in the green GDP. Evidence from 35 OECD countries

Key Points

The research aims to analyze the persistence of real green GDP and real per capita green GDP across 35 OECD countries.
Used statistical techniques based on fractional integration.
Analyzed real green GDP and real per capita green GDP data from 35 OECD countries.
Identified patterns of persistence and nonstationarity in the data.
Most countries exhibit high persistence and nonstationarity in green GDP series.
Australia shows a short memory pattern in both series.
Czech Republic displays an order of integration between 0 and 1.
Belgium, Israel, and New Zealand exhibit mean reversion in one series examined.

Abstract

This paper deals with the persistence analysis of the real green GDP and real per capita green GDP in a group of 35 countries by using statistical techniques based on fractional integration. Our results indicate that the majority of the series display nonstationary and a high degree of persistence in the two series, implying permanency of shocks. The only exceptions are Australia, that displays a short memory pattern in the two series, Czech Republic that displays an order of integration in the interval (0, 1) and apart from these two countries, Belgium, Israel and New Zealand that also present mean reversion in one of the two series examined. Policy implications are reported at the end of the paper.

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