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March 17, 2026The Journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery0 citationsOpen Access

A case of catamenial pneumothorax with cystic nodule due to ectopic endometrial tissue on diaphragm

YIYuri ItoTSTomoshi Sugiyama

Key Points

  • This report aims to present a unique case of catamenial pneumothorax linked to ectopic endometrial tissue on the diaphragm.
  • A 40-year-old woman with a history of endometriosis underwent imaging and thoracoscopic surgery.
  • Thoracoscopic removal of pulmonary cysts and diaphragm nodules was performed.
  • Pathological examination confirmed ectopic endometrial tissue.
  • The patient experienced recurrent pneumothorax before the surgical intervention.
  • Surgery successfully removed the cystic lesions and diaphragm defect.
  • No recurrence of pneumothorax was observed in the 9-month follow-up.

Abstract

症例は40歳女性.30歳時に右卵巣子宮内膜症性囊胞の切除術歴あり.前医で月経随伴性気胸と診断されホルモン療法を行っていたが,気胸を繰り返し当院へ紹介となった.早期の手術希望がなくホルモン療法を継続したが頻回に気胸を繰り返し,胸部ctで肺囊胞の形成を認めたため手術の方針とした.胸腔内には肺囊胞および横隔膜に欠損孔と褐色調の結節性病変を認めた.胸腔鏡下に肺囊胞切除,横隔膜結節切除および欠損孔の閉鎖を行った.結節性病変内部には褐色調の液体が含まれていた.病理組織学的に横隔膜病変に異所性子宮内膜組織を認め月経随伴性気胸と診断した.術後のホルモン療法は本人が希望せず経過観察としたが術後9ヵ月経過した現時点で再発は認めていない.月経随伴性気胸において本症例のように横隔膜に異所性子宮内膜組織による囊胞性病変を認めたという報告はない.また,本症例では再発予防に手術が有効であった.

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Cite This Study

Ito et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69b8ef36deb47d591b8c53a4https://doi.org/10.2995/jacsurg.40.129
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