Analysis of Risk Factors for the Recurrence of Gout During Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Objective This study is aimed at exploring the risk factors of gout recurrence during gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with a history of gout. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 131 patients who were admitted to our hospital due to gastrointestinal bleeding from September 2020 to August 2023. All these patients had a history of gout but were not in the acute attack period at the time of admission. Fifty‐nine patients with gout recurrence during hospitalization were selected as the recurrence group, and 72 patients without gout recurrence were selected as the nonrecurrence group. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the clinical data for the two groups. Results There were significant differences in gender, smoking, coinfection, site of gastrointestinal bleeding, volume of bleeding, blood transfusion and volume of blood transfusion, levels of UA and Alb, and PPI types between the two groups ( p < 0.1). Logistic regression analysis showed that male, coinfection, larger bleeding volume, high UA levels, and different PPI types were independent risk factors for gout recurrence during gastrointestinal bleeding ( p < 0.05). Further analysis of the gout recurrence rates in the four PPIs, including pantoprazole, omeprazole, lansoprazole, and esomeprazole, revealed that the recurrence rate was the highest at 73.68% in the esomeprazole group, while the lowest was 34.92% in the pantoprazole group. A pairwise comparison of the gout recurrence rates corresponding to the four PPIs showed that the rate in the esomeprazole group was significantly higher than that in the lansoprazole group ( p = 0.027) and the pantoprazole group ( p = 0.003). Conclusion Male, coinfection, heavy bleeding, high UA levels, and different PPI types were independent risk factors for gout recurrence during gastrointestinal bleeding. Compared with pantoprazole, omeprazole, and lansoprazole, esomeprazole may be more likely to cause gout recurrence.