Nanotechnology-Based drug delivery systems for targeted treatment of resistant hypertension

Resistant hypertension stands as a primary obstacle for contemporary medical practice because standard treatment approaches fail to manage this condition effectively. The field of nanotechnology provides new solutions for this issue by developing systems that deliver drugs directly to specific targets. The research team conducted their study at the National Cardiology Center of Uzbekistan to create and test six different nanosystems through solid lipid nanoparticles polymer nanoparticles niosomes nanoemulsions nanocrystals and dendrimers which will target resistant hypertension treatment. The research team used standard methods to assess the physicochemical properties of the nanoformulations which included testing drug release patterns and cytotoxicity and antihypertensive effects in a rat model of resistant hypertension. The results showed that all nanoformulations had an appropriate size ranging from 5.8 to 158.3 nm and high entrapment efficiency of 78 to 94%. Solid lipid nanoparticles with a size of 126.8 nm and an entrapment efficiency of 94.4% showed the slowest release pattern with 67.5% release within 72 hours. The nanoparticles reduced systolic blood pressure by 34.8 mmHg which differed significantly from the 12.8 mmHg reduction observed in the free drug group. The plasma half-life increased from 3.4 hours for the free drug to 14.8 hours for the solid lipid nanoparticles and the area under the concentration-time curve increased 2.4-fold. The study observed that solid lipid nanoparticles reduced renal damage and produced a 74.8% decrease in tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels according to histological assessments. The research demonstrates that solid lipid nanoparticles function as the optimal drug delivery system which effectively delivers targeted treatment for resistant hypertension with potential for future clinical testing.