In Vivo Exposure to Bisphenol‐A Altered the Reproductive Functionality in Male Coturnix coturnix Japonica (Domesticated Japanese Quail)

ABSTRACT Bisphenol‐A (BPA), a well‐established endocrine‐disrupting chemical (EDC), exerts widespread effects on reproductive physiology through its estrogenic, antiandrogenic, and general cytotoxic actions. In the current study, male Japanese quails exposed to different doses of BPA exhibited significant alterations in reproductive parameters, highlighting the compound's detrimental impact on avian reproductive health. We have previously reported in vitro and in vivo effects of BPA on the functional role of sperm in chicken. Here, the effects of 1 and 5 mgkg −1 BPA administered daily by oral gavage for 3 week to adult male Japanese quails on reproductive functionality were investigated. Cloacal index and Cloacal Foam Secretion Frequency were greatly reduced in BPA administered groups. Sperm quality attributes were affected at both doses. Alkaline phosphatase showed the most significant reduction among seminal enzymes. A monotonic response ( p = 0.007) was noticed with sperm quality characteristics, fertility and modulating testosterone concentrations in response to BPA exposure. Disturbances regarding fertility and hatchability traits were prominent in high and low dose groups. The current study confirms the compromising actions of BPA on reproductive success in male Japanese quails under an in vivo exposure module. These results indicate the sensitivity of quails to BPA induced reprotoxicity and explore the effect of BPA in agricultural systems and contribute to knowledge about BPA effects in non‐mammalian species.