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March 21, 2026The Journal of the Korea Contents Association0 citationsOpen Access

Socioeconomic Status, Human/Social Capital, and Employment Outcomes: A Multi-group SEM Approach

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EKEun-Bee Kim

Key Points

  • This research investigates how socioeconomic status influences job search intensity and employment outcomes through human and social capital, while comparing differences between regions.
  • Utilized panel data from the Korean Employment Information Service (GOMS, 2022) with 3,847 participants
  • Employed a multi-group structural equation modeling approach
  • Compared pathways between metropolitan (2,103) and rural (1,744) university graduates
  • In metropolitan areas, a clear indirect pathway was identified: SES → human capital → job search intensity → employment outcomes.
  • In rural areas, the direct effect of SES on employment outcomes was relatively stronger.
  • Findings indicate the need for tailored employment support and improvements in educational infrastructure.

Abstract

본 연구는 한국고용정보원 GOMS(2022) 패널자료(N=3,847)를 이용하여 사회경제적 지위(SES)가 인적·사회자본을 매개로 구직강도와 취업성과(취업여부·초임)에 미치는 영향을 다집단 구조방정식모형으로 분석하고, 수도권(n=2,103)과 지방(n=1,744) 대학 졸업자 간 경로 차이를 비교하였다. 모형 적합도는 양호하였으며(CFI=.96 등), 수도권에서는 SES→인적자본→구직강도→취업성과의 간접경로가 뚜렷하게 작동한 반면, 지방에서는 SES의 직접효과가 상대적으로 컸다. 결과는 지역 맞춤형 취업지원과 교육 인프라 개선의 필요성을 시사한다.

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Cite This Study

Eun-Bee Kim (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69be38906e48c4981c67919chttps://doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2026.26.02.738
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