Effect of Zinc and Boron Application on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Residual Soil Fertility in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

AbstractMicronutrient management plays a crucial role in enhancing wheat productivity and soil fertility. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) application on wheat growth, yield, nutrient uptake, and post-harvest soil fertility. The experiment included different Zn and B application methods, with a focus on foliar and soil applications. Among the treatments, the combined foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) recorded the highest plant height, advanced flowering (67.4 d), and earliest physiological maturity (112.63 d), indicating improved vegetative growth and crop development. The highest grain (44.57 q/ha) and straw yield (58.4 q/ha) were observed in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%), followed by soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha). Enhanced nutrient uptake in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) resulted in the highest Zn (38.27 mg/kg in grain, 26.47 mg/kg in straw) and B (8.30 mg/kg in grain, 5.33 mg/kg in straw) concentrations. Post-harvest soil analysis revealed that residual Zn (1.47 mg/kg) and B (1.08 mg/kg) were highest in soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha), suggesting a stronger residual effect through soil application. Correlation analysis confirmed a significant positive relationship between Zn and B uptake and yield components, emphasizing their essential role in wheat productivity. The results suggest that an integrated Zn and B fertilization strategy, particularly combining soil and foliar applications, can enhance wheat growth, improve yield, and sustain soil fertility. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing micronutrient management in wheat cultivation to ensure long-term productivity and soil health.