A subtractive clustering-based methodology is introduced in this paper, that is applicable to solve spatial resource allocation problems that often arise in waste management. To satisfy spatially distributed demands, resources have to be allocated so that they would have the same spatial distribution. They are often characterized by limited capacity and a catchment area that should also be considered. We propose a flexible subtractive clustering-based methodology that addresses these challenges. The influence of resources and demands on their neighborhood is described by tunable basis functions. Resources are handled as clusters whose centers should be located. The demand arising at a spatial point and its neighborhood is summarized by a potential value that defines the ability to form a new cluster. The main contribution of this paper is a modified subtractive clustering method involving road network-based geodesic distances that is applicable to solve urban and large-scale spatial resource allocation problems as well. A case study about the optimization of textile waste containers in Hungary is introduced to verify the above-mentioned issues. The results show that the proposed method can be used effectively to obtain a resource supply system that is highly consistent with the spatially distributed needs.
Kenyeres et al. (2026) studied this question.