Temperature Dependence of Transport Properties of Inorganic Electrolyte Solutions and Ionic Liquids, and Dielectric Properties of Solvents

We propose to describe the influence of temperature and electrolyte concentration on κ, the electrical conductivity (EC) of solutions, via the effective activation energy of conductivity (Eκ), which decreases as temperature rises. The decrease in Eκ in response to rising temperature, in accordance with the Litovitz equation, occurs proportionally to the squared inverse absolute temperature (1/T2). In dilute aqueous solutions of inorganic salts and in solutions of the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMImCl) ionic liquid (IL) in water, acetonitrile (AN), dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the EC increases in direct proportion to εs/τ, the ratio of the static dielectric constant (εs) to the dipole dielectric relaxation time (τ) of the solvent, i.e., the limiting high-frequency conductivity (HF-EC) of the solvent (κ∞, where κ∞ = εsε0/τ).