Dog mastiff effect, domino effect, fish tank theory: how to improve wetland resilience through risk management measures

In the restoration of wetlands, the dog mastiff effect emphasizes the importance of strong management measures and strict enforcement to protect wetland ecosystems and prevent human destruction. The domino effect highlights the need to consider various factors comprehensively and manage risks holistically within the wetland ecosystem. The fish tank theory stresses the importance of transparent management and public participation, using open information platforms and engagement mechanisms to enhance awareness and support for wetland protection from all sectors of society. The application of these risk management measures provides crucial guidance for improving the capacity of wetland restoration. Not only can they effectively restore and protect wetland ecosystems, but they can also promote multiple environmental benefits, such as enhancing biodiversity, improving water quality, and regulating climate. Research indicates that when the benefits from establishing effective monitoring and regulatory mechanisms are substantial, and the benefits from enhancing wetland resilience are relatively small, the management of wetlands by the government and enterprises is more in line with the dog mastiff effect. Conversely, when the benefits from enhancing wetland resilience are significant, the government’s wetland governance is more in line with the domino effect. When the benefits from establishing effective monitoring and regulatory mechanisms are small, and the benefits from enhancing wetland resilience are also small, the wetland governance by enterprises is more in line with the fish tank theory. When the benefits from enhancing wetland resilience are substantial, the wetland governance by enterprises is more in line with the domino effect.