Perioperative systemic stress phenotypes reflecting sustained psychoneuroendocrine-immune dysregulation are associated with immune recovery failure, molecular residual disease, and adverse long-term outcomes following a major surgery. Quantifying dynamic stress-related biological responses may provide a biologically grounded framework for understanding how acute psychoneuroendocrine stress translates into persistent immune vulnerability and may inform future risk stratification research in perioperative oncology.
Pan et al. (2026) studied this question.
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