Magnetic fluid sealing is an ideal solution for high-end equipment. However, traditional rectangular pole teeth suffer from low magnetic flux utilization and insufficient pressure resistance. Meanwhile, the pressure transmission mechanism of different pole teeth and the evolution law of magnetic fluid boundary morphology remain unclear, restricting structural optimization. This study investigates rectangular and trapezoidal pole teeth by adopting the Volume of Fluid model, combined with finite element simulation and experimental verification. A sealing simulation model and a dedicated experimental platform were established to systematically explore the effects of the two pole tooth types on pressure transmission efficiency and magnetic fluid boundary morphology under static and dynamic sealing conditions, as well as their pressure resistance and self-recovery characteristics. Results show that trapezoidal pole teeth exhibit superior pressure resistance to rectangular ones due to optimized magnetic field distribution: the maximum static sealing pressure resistance increases by 40.9 kPa, and the dynamic sealing pressure resistance at 8000 rpm rises by 63.2 kPa. The 2% deviation between simulation and experimental data verifies the model’s reliability. This work clarifies the intrinsic relationship between pole tooth structure and sealing performance, reveals the pressure transmission mechanism of different pole teeth, and provides theoretical and engineering references for pole tooth structural optimization, which is significant for improving the pressure resistance stability and engineering applicability of magnetic fluid sealing.
Dong et al. (2026) studied this question.
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