TR-BiGRU-CRF: A Lightweight Key Information Extraction Approach for Civil Aviation Flight Crew Operational Instructions

To enhance flight safety and operational efficiency, extracting key actions, flight parameters, and status information from civil aviation flight crew instructions generated during pre-flight and in-flight procedures is crucial. However, such texts are highly condensed and involve complex multi-role interactions, easily leading to entity boundary drift and category misclassification. To address this, this paper proposes a joint key information extraction framework based on a lightweight pre-trained language model (TinyBERT) and a Role-Aware Fusion mechanism, abbreviated as TR-BiGRU-CRF. This framework introduces the Role-Aware Fusion mechanism to resolve semantic ambiguity caused by multi-party interactions, utilizes TinyBERT for semantic representation that balances accuracy and computational efficiency, and employs BiGRU-CRF for robust sequence feature modeling and decoding. Experiments on a flight crew instruction dataset show that the proposed method achieves 92.2% precision, 91.8% recall, a 92.0% F1 score, and an overall prediction accuracy of 92.6%. Compared to the BiGRU-CRF baseline, it significantly improves accuracy, precision, and F1 score by 11.4, 13.3, and 13.5 percentage points, respectively. These results prove that the proposed method effectively mitigates boundary drift and category confusion, providing strong support for flight crew instruction understanding and safety decision-making.