Purpose The purpose of this study is to present a detailed and rigorous delay-dependent robust stability assessment of a shipboard microgrid (SMG) integrating a fuel cell. Design/methodology/approach In the SMG, communication time delays and uncertainties in system parameters adversely affect system frequency stability. An innovative approach is proposed that uses Kharitonov’s theorem in conjunction with the stability boundary locus (SBL) method to determine robust stability regions in the space of controller gains, considering both time delays and uncertainties. Findings This study comprehensively evaluates effects of time delays, parametric uncertainties and the fluctuations of renewable energy sources on these stability regions. Results demonstrate that robust stability regions shrink progressively with increasing time delays and higher levels of parameter uncertainty. Originality/value The integration of the SBL method with Kharitonov’s theorem is unique approach that enables the computation of robust stability regions for SMG in the existence of time delays and uncertainties. Results facilitate the effective synchronization of diesel generators and fuel cells to eliminate any discrepancies in system frequency following a disturbance.
Abdulridha et al. (2026) studied this question.