pH-Universal Supercapacitor Electrodes Redox-active Cu(2,2′-bpy)VO(O3PC6H5)2 forms flexible, bimetallic phosphonate crystals that serve as supercapacitor electrodes. In aqueous electrolytes at pH 4 (H3PO4) and pH 10 (NaOH), the material delivers about 140 F/g and remains stable over 10,000 cycles. Retaining crystallinity after exposure to pH 2-12 enables durable operation in aqueous environments. More information can be found in the Research Article by Franziska Emmerling, Volker Presser, Gündoğ Yücesan, and co-workers (10.1002/adfm.202600026).
Müller et al. (2026) studied this question.