This study explores how direct and indirect speech function as cognitive-emotional strategies rather than purely grammatical forms. It introduces the Speech Distance Processing (SDP) model, explaining how speech type influences psychological distance, empathy, emotional intensity, responsibility attribution, and memory reconstruction. The paper integrates insights from psycholinguistics, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience, and proposes experimentally testable hypotheses.
Gogiashvili et al. (Sun,) studied this question.