Recent Developments in and Applications of the Relativistic Chiral Nuclear Force

The nuclear force is central to our understanding of complex nuclear phenomena and to the applications of nuclear techniques. The non-perturbative nature of low-energy strong interaction and color confinement have provided an ab initio understanding of nuclear force, a challenge for almost a century, since the pioneering work of Yukawa. Since 1990, chiral effective field theory (ChEFT) has become the de facto standard for describing nuclear interactions; most prior studies employed heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. Only recently, there have been successful attempts to construct a chiral nuclear force employing covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory. In this work, we review recent developments and applications of relativistic chiral nuclear forces. We first elaborate on the necessity of relativistic/covariant theories, then present the construction of the first high-precision relativistic chiral nuclear force up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO), and discuss the ongoing progress in higher-order nucleon–nucleon (NN) and n-d scattering, as well as their applications in nuclear matter, finite nuclei, and hypernuclear systems. Finally, we summarize the achievements and outline the future outlook of this research field.