Researchers utilized a two-vector system, consisting of an enveloped delivery vehicle and an adeno-associated virus to deliver CRISPR tools and a large DNA payload, to achieve stable and cell-specific expression of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. This study demonstrates the first in vivo engineering of CAR T cells at a therapeutic level for both hematologic and solid cancers, and opens the door for more efficient, precise, and affordable CAR T-cell therapies.
A 2026 study studied this question.