Global Estimates of Trends in Annual Mean Air Temperature in the Surface Layer and of Parameters of Yearly Course in Monthly Mean Air Temperature over 1981–2010

The study examines the linear trends in annual mean air temperature in the surface layer and systematic deviations of monthly mean air temperature from annual averages (i. e. , parameters of yearly course) over 1981–2010. The calculations were performed over the entire Earth surface for 1° 1° spatial grid points based on the NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis V3 (https: //psl. noaa. gov). The calculation results are presented as schematic maps. It is shown that in large areas of the Earth surface, non-zero trends were statistically significant. In particular, significant positive trends in annual mean temperature in the Arctic (0. 05 significance level) were found in the Barents Sea and the Davis Strait. Significant trends were also found for parameters of yearly course of monthly mean temperature, i. e. , their systematic deviations from annual averages. For example, summer months were characterized by significant negative trends in the Arctic, while the trends for winter months were positive in some vast areas of the Southern Ocean.