Ergosteroid and Phenolic Constituents from the Mushroom Sanghuangporus vaninii with Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Sanghuangporus vaninii (Ljub.) is an edible and medicinal macrofungus that has become the main strain for artificial cultivation of Sanghuang. In this study, twenty-six compounds (1–26), including five previously undescribed ergosterols, named sanghusterols A–E (1–5), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of S. vaninii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1, 15, 17, 21 and 25 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against NO production with the IC50 value of 8.3–14.8 μM and dose-dependently decreased iNOS and COX-2 protein expression in RAW264.7 cells. Molecular docking studies confirmed the capacity of compounds 1, 15, 17, 21 and 25 to interact with iNOS and COX-2 proteins. These findings may provide a solid phytochemical and pharmacological basis for developing the mushroom as potential anti-inflammatory agents.