Georeferenced Dataset on Road Traffic Incidents and Fatalities in Medellín, Colombia (2008–2025)

Open and reusable road-safety microdata remain scarce in Latin America, particularly when incident records combine detailed temporal information, geocoded event locations, and a clear pathway for extracting fatal outcomes. This article documents a curated administrative dataset for Medellín, Colombia, containing 702,540 reported road-traffic incidents recorded between 1 January 2008 and 31 August 2025. The dataset includes 13 variables describing incident identifier, date, time, incident class, severity, interpolated address, geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude), and planning-unit identifiers. Although the complete dataset contains three severity levels—property damage only, injured, and fatal—it also enables the construction of a fully reproducible fatality subset by filtering incidents classified as fatal, yielding 2762 records. The database covers 21 planning units (communes) in Medellín and includes named neighborhood information for 394 neighborhoods in the complete dataset and 274 neighborhoods in the fatal subset. Spatial completeness is high for administrative data: geographic coordinates are available for 93.63% of all records and 90.77% of fatal incidents. To keep the emphasis on dataset documentation, this data descriptor focuses on compact statistical tables and an illustrative grouped logistic regression model of fatal outcomes. The dataset, accompanied by a complete data dictionary and reproducible R script, is intended to support secondary research in road-traffic safety, spatial epidemiology, transportation planning, urban mobility, and public health.