An Intelligent Temperature Compensation Method for Pressure Sensors Under High-Temperature and High-Pressure Conditions Based on a Modified Slime Mold Algorithm

During deep and ultra-deep oil and gas drilling, downhole high-temperature and high-pressure conditions significantly affect the measurement accuracy of piezoresistive pressure sensors. To improve measurement accuracy under such extreme conditions, this study proposes an intelligent temperature compensation method based on a Modified Slime Mold Algorithm (MSMA). An experimental platform covering the full operating range of 0–175 °C and 0–170 MPa was established to acquire sensor outputs, and samples were collected at various temperature and pressure points to construct a dataset. Key parameters of the compensation model were optimized using the MSMA, enhancing the model’s fitting capability. Results indicate that, after compensation, the sensor exhibits a maximum full-scale error of 0.26% and a maximum sensitivity drift of −0.019% FS/°C, significantly reducing errors compared with traditional interpolation and polynomial fitting methods. The optimized compensation model was further deployed on an embedded hardware platform, enabling high-precision temperature compensation in an engineering context. Experimental data demonstrate that the embedded implementation maintains compensation accuracy while meeting real-time application requirements, making it suitable for downhole pressure monitoring and for output correction of other intelligent sensors operating under complex field conditions.