Supervised (Home-Based Exercise) Prehabilitation Program in Pancreatic Cancer Patients Undergoing to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Pilot Feasibility Study

Background: Patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) commonly present with reduced aerobic fitness, sarcopenia, and malnutrition, which may increase perioperative risk and compromise access to chemotherapy treatments. Although exercise-based prehabilitation can improve physical fitness, its implementation is often limited by short diagnostic-to-surgery intervals and treatment-related toxicity. Methods: We conducted a pilot prospective pretest–posttest feasibility study in Torino, Italy. Patients with PC undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery were offered a 4-week, partially supervised, home-based bimodal exercise prehabilitation program (single-arm design) combining remotely monitored high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on a cycle ergometer with functional and resistance exercises. The primary outcome was adherence to prescribed exercise frequency, intensity, and duration, objectively assessed via remote monitoring. Secondary outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness (CPET), muscle function, body composition, fatigue, quality of life, and circulating inflammatory markers. Results: From July 2022 to February 2024, 23 patients were screened; 15 were eligible and 10 enrolled. Four participants discontinued the intervention (two due to asthenia/fatigue, one due to chemotherapy-related adverse events, and one for organizational reasons), leaving six participants who completed the program. Among completers, fatigue and quality of life did not change meaningfully. Aerobic capacity and muscle function outcomes were generally stable, with few pre–post changes exceeding the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds used. Body composition markers and the assessed circulating cytokines/chemokines remained unchanged except for IL-6 levels, which decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A partially supervised, home-based HIIT-based prehabilitation program is feasible for a subset of PC patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, but a substantial attrition rate suggests the need for more flexible symptom-adapted prescriptions and enhanced supportive strategies.