Protection of Table Beet From Diseases, Pests and Weeds in the Southern Trans-Urals

The experiments on effectiveness of integrated pest control schemes for Bordo 237 and Mulatka varieties of table beet were conducted at the experimental field of Kurgan State Agricultural Academy named after Maltsev from 2019 to 2022. The novelty of the research was that, given the changing climate of Trans-Urals, the experiments identified the most numerous weed species, diseases and pests in table beet crops. The distribution of pests, including root rot (a root disease) and cercospora leaf spot (affects the leaf surface), was studied. Mathematical data processing revealed an inverse correlation between the prevalence of beet rootworm and yield by variety. The correlation coefficient was (r=-0.495±0.123), indicating a moderate negative relationship. A high negative correlation was also found between variety yield and the development of cercospora leaf spot (r=-0.856). The use of seed treatment agents reduced rootworm infestation below the harmfulness threshold. Fungicide treatments on vegetative plants significantly reduced the prevalence and development of cercospora leaf spot and other foliar diseases. The biological effectiveness of fungicides in seed treatment against rootworm was 83% for scheme No.1, 92% for scheme No.2 and 100% for scheme No.3. Against cercospora leaf spot, fungicides applied during vegetation achieved biological effectiveness of 83% for treatment plan No.1, 89% for treatment plan No.2, and 85% for treatment plan No.3. Insecticides also demonstrated high biological effectiveness against a number of pests, particularly the sugar beet flea beetle and beet stink bug. The use of integrated protection schemes in table beet crops increased yields for both varieties. Treatment plan No.3 proved the most effective, with yields for Bordo 237 variety reaching 43.2 t/ha, compared to 20.2 t/ha in the control variant, 40.4 t/ha for Mulatka variety and 19.5 t/ha without treatment.